Poster Presentation Freshwater Sciences 2023

Those dammed beavers: shifts in benthic invertebrate food webs and assemblages in their ponds (#635)

Angela Y Zhu 1 , Sarah M Collins 1
  1. University of Wyoming, Laramie, WYOMING, United States

Beavers act as ecosystem engineers by modifying landscapes and changing lotic ecosystems to lentic ones, thereby creating wetlands. Sedimentation rates decrease in beaver ponds, allowing these ponds to become potential sources of nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon. By damming the stream, the water floods the surrounding area, asphyxiates the vegetation, and increases organic matter inputs into the pond. Despite the resurgence in beaver activity and research surrounding it, the broad-scale ecological impacts that beavers have on ecosystem processes, like food webs and community structure, are still largely unknown. Specifically, despite the increase in nutrients and basal resources, there is limited investigation on how beaver ponds can impact bottom-up controls in food webs. To address the effects beaver ponds have on ecological processes, we conducted a comparative experiment on the beaver ponds and the adjacent streams in Happy Jack Forest, WY, U.S.A. In July and August 2022, benthic macroinvertebrates and basal resources were collected from beaver ponds and streams using handheld nets and surber samplers. We aimed to collect a representative for each functional feeding group. Samples were then put in a drying oven and homogenized for δ13C and δ15N analysis. Another group of macroinvertebrates were also caught in a 1 m2 of pond bottom or streambed. These invertebrates were identified to family and genus level and measured. Mass was subsequently calculated from length. We found that invertebrate food webs have shifted in the beaver ponds compared to the streams. Furthermore, the community structure from stream to pond ecosystems had changed. As habitat heterogeneity increases in ponds, more favorable habitats for benthic macroinvertebrates will increase as well. Therefore, benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages will shift from the previous stream assemblages. The outcomes of this study will give insight into indirect effects on ecosystem processes caused by beavers.