A central goal of freshwater ecology is to understand the relationship between broad landscape features and finer-scale patterns like food web architecture and consumer resource use. Across complex landscapes, differences in water sources and watershed processes may create distinct stream food webs with temporally asynchronous resource dynamics supporting consumer growth. This is particularly true in mountainous areas influenced by the melting of glaciers, snowpack, and surface runoff. Our study investigated the impact of seasonal variations in water temperature, flow, and nutrient availability on food web processes in four streams reflecting relative end-members of glacial, snowmelt, rainfed, and transitional signature in Southeast Alaska. Monthly field samples were conducted to measure community structure, stream food web dynamics, and nutrient availability. We found that streams with distinct temperature, flow, and nutrient regimes contributed to different seasonal cycles of detritus, biofilm, and aquatic invertebrate prey availability, leading to uneven annual secondary production of aquatic invertebrates and flow web structure supporting fish across the landscape. The largest differences were found between glacial streams and other stream types during the meltwater season, indicating that the loss of the global cryosphere may result in increased synchrony of resource dynamics and potentially impact the ecological stability of native salmonid fish populations at local and regional/metafood web. Our study highlights the crucial role that landscape-level processes play in shaping the food webs and resource dynamics in freshwater ecosystems, particularly in mountainous areas influenced by glaciers and snowmelt. Our findings demonstrate the importance of considering seasonal variations in water temperature, flow, and nutrient availability in determining the structure and function of stream food webs, and the potential impact of global environmental changes on these systems and the species that depend on them.